Proceedings of International Conference on Perovskite Thin Film Photovoltaics and Perovskite Photonics and Optoelectronics (NIPHO25)
Publication date: 24th April 2025
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) combine high efficiency, low-cost processing, and lightweight design, making them promising for both terrestrial and space applications; however, their environmental instability remains a key limitation. This work outlines an integrated approach to assess and improve PSC outdoor stability through materials screening, machine learning, field testing, and stratospheric trials. Nine commercial epoxy resins were systematically evaluated to identify formulations that minimize chemical interactions with halide perovskite layers. Two optimal formulations were used for ambient-temperature encapsulation, enabling encapsulated PSCs to retain over 95% of their initial efficiency after 1,500 hours in diverse outdoor conditions across Spain, Israel, and Germany1. To accelerate outdoor stability assessment, we developed a machine-learning framework trained on accelerated indoor ageing data (temperature, light soaking, air exposure) that accurately predicts outdoor performance. By training these algorithms with various sets of indoor stability data, we can identify the most significant stress factors, thus providing insights into outdoor degradation pathways2. Finally, to explore PSC resilience under extreme environments, we performed in-situ stratospheric stability tests3. Triple-cation devices endured the extreme conditions (–32 °C to +32 °C, high UV, low pressure), retaining 68 %–87 % of their initial power performance over 10 hours of flight time. The experiment allowed to test our encapsulation method under these conditions and demonstrated that it is able to survive the 10 h that the experiment lasted.
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