Proceedings of International Conference on Perovskite Thin Film Photovoltaics and Perovskite Photonics and Optoelectronics (NIPHO26)
Publication date: 22nd April 2026
Halide perovskite solar cells (HPSCs) hold strong potential for next-generation photovoltaics in space applications owing to their high specific power and proton radiation tolerance. Yet, achieving long-term stability under operational stressors such as heat, prolonged illumination, and ionizing radiation remains a key challenge, particularly for applications in space and other harsh environments. Here, we report a dual-passivation approach that incorporates cerium oxide (CeOx) nanoparticles into the perovskite absorber layer using an n-octylammonium iodide (OAI)-assisted post-treatment. CeOx, a redox-active oxide widely used in radiation shielding, improves crystallinity, reduces defect density, and enhances interfacial energy alignment. The resulting devices exhibit a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.9%, the highest reported for n-i-p HPSCs employing poly(bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine) as the hole transport layer. Under 0.05 MeV proton irradiation at fluences up to 2 × 10^14 protons cm^-2, the treated devices retained 91% of their open-circuit voltage and 81% of their initial PCE. Spectroscopic and electrical analyses revealed suppressed non-radiative recombination, preserved grain boundary potential, and improved photothermal stability. These results demonstrate that CeOx incorporation offers an effective strategy for enhancing the durability of perovskite solar cells under simultaneous environmental and radiation exposure, paving the way toward reliable deployment in both terrestrial and aerospace energy technologies [1].
We acknowledge the EPSRC UK National Ion Beam Centre (UKNIBC) for conducting the proton radiation test, supported by EPSRC grant #EP/X015491. This work was supported by Learning & Academic research institution for Master’s·PhD students, and Postdocs (LAMP) Program of the NRF grand funded by the Ministry of Education (No. RS-2023-00301974). The surface analysis laboratory, SSEAU, MWAC, UNSW are acknowledged. H.H.P. and G.K.A. acknowledge support by the National R&D Program through the NRF funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (No. 2022K1A4A8A02079724), and the Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Republic of Korea (No. KS2522-10 and KS2522-30). H.H.P. acknowledges that this work was supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) and the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE) of the Republic of Korea (No. RS-2025-02309702).
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