Proceedings of International Conference on Perovskite Thin Film Photovoltaics and Perovskite Photonics and Optoelectronics (NIPHO26)
Publication date: 22nd April 2026
Among emerging photovoltaic technologies, perovskite solar cells stand out as particularly promising.[1] They offer unique advantages, including semitransparency, mechanical flexibility, and a tunable band gap,[2-4] making them especially attractive for tandem architectures, agrivoltaics, and building-integrated applications.
One of the key challenges, however, is the intrinsic instability of perovskite materials when exposed to moisture. For this reason, high-quality perovskite films are typically fabricated in controlled, nitrogen-filled gloveboxes. [5] While effective, this approach increases fabrication complexity and cost, ultimately limiting scalability.
Moving toward ambient-air processing would therefore represent a major step forward, enabling simpler and more cost-effective manufacturing. However, due to the sensitivity of perovskites to water and oxygen, significant changes in film formation and device performance are generally expected under these conditions.
In this talk, I will present our recent results on the deposition of perovskite films in ambient air using different material formulations, solvent systems, and additives. [6-8] Interestingly, for selected compositions, the optoelectronic quality of the films is not only preserved but even enhanced when processed in ambient air, resulting in reduced defect density and improved film morphology.
In particular, formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI₃) perovskite deposited in ambient air shows an increase of over 40% in average visible transmittance compared to samples fabricated in a nitrogen-filled glovebox, while still achieving a power conversion efficiency of 13.8%, an average visible transmittance of 30.4%, and a light utilization efficiency of 4.2%.[9]
These results not only demonstrate a record LUE for this class of devices, but also highlight the potential of ambient-air processing as a viable route toward the large-scale fabrication of semitransparent perovskite solar cells.
A.R. Acknoweledges the projects: UPSCALE "Upscaling Perovskite Solar Cells from Atomic to Living Environments" prpject no. CETP-2024-00598 founded by tMUR and EU under the call CETPartnership Call 2024; “Sviluppo di celle solari a base di perovskite depositata in aria con additivi molecolari e polimerici” Contract Nr. 3500056481 funded by ENI Spa and the project “nuovi Concetti, mAteriali e tecnologie per l'iNtegrazione del fotoVoltAico negli edifici in uno scenario di generazione diffuSa” [CANVAS], funded by the Italian Ministry of the Environment and the Energy Security, through the Research Fund for the Italian Electrical System (type-A call, published on G.U.R.I. n. 192 on 18-08-2022) CUP-B53C22005670005
