Proceedings of Online nanoGe Fall Meeting 20 (OnlineNFM20)
Publication date: 4th October 2020
Solution-processed organic solar cells display low thermal stability largely because the nanostructure of the active layer blend changes upon heating. While photovoltaic blends based on non-fullerene acceptors such as indacenodithienothiophene-based ITIC derivatives are touted as more thermally stable than those based on fullerenes, they readily crystallize even far below their nominal glass transition temperature . This can result in a gradual decrease in photovoltaic performance and affects the reproducibility of the devices. We study two halogenated ITIC derivatives that readily co-crystallize upon mixing, which indicates that the use of an acceptor mixture alone does not guarantee the formation of a disordered mixture. The addition of the donor polymer to the acceptor mixture readily suppresses the crystallization which results in a fine-grained ternary blend with nanometer-sized domains that do not coarsen due to a high ~ 200 ºC. As a result, annealing at temperatures of up to 170 ºC does not markedly affect the photovoltaic performance of ternary devices, in contrast to binary devices that suffer from acceptor crystallization in the active layer. Our results indicate that the ternary approach enables the use of high-temperature processing protocols, which are needed for upscaling and high-throughput fabrication of organic solar cells. Further, ternary devices display a stable photovoltaic performance at 130 ºC for at least 205 hours, which indicates that the use of acceptor mixtures allows to fabricate devices with excellent thermal stability.
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