Publication date: 4th December 2020
In recent years, various cells and equipments have been developed that allow the determination of the catalyst structure under real reaction conditions. Determining the activity behaviour and the structure of the catalyst in the same experiment is essential to be able to identify the active sites, clarify the mechanisms of the reaction, and thus design catalysts in a rational way. Some of the most popular spectroscopic techniques to do these operando experiments are Raman and FTIR (1) since both are versatile, simple, and very useful to give information about the structure of the catalytic solids and of the species that are adsorb on them.
But, in order to have information about the mechanism, it is also necessary to develop time-resolved characterization methods, in order to identify the reaction intermediates. Present contribution, describe the study performed with Rapid scan FTIR coupled with Mass Spectrometry (MS), used to determine the role of spectroscopically observed species in the reaction media during propane dehydrogenation over a V/Al catalyst, and propane ammoxidation on a Sb-V-O sample (2). During the propane dehydrogenation reaction, it was shown that oxygenates are not formed during the first minutes and propylene is formed directly from propane via dehydrogenation on a V-O site. Oxygenates may form though secondary reactions due to fur- ther propylene oxidation. Propane dehydrogenation is the first step during the propane ammoxidation reaction. This is followed by the transformation of propylene into acrylonitrile, which is the rate limiting step. Rapid scan FTIR/MS is shown to be a useful technique for monitoring chemical reactions in order to identify or eliminate observed surface species as potential reaction intermediates. Understanding of the reaction mechanism is necessary in order to improve the chemical process design and the catalytic material.
MOGP acknowledges PRX17/00054 grant from Spanish Ministry of Education for performing a research stay at the University of Aberdeen.
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