Publication date: 1st April 2013
Sensitised solar cells have made recently a step forward using a new type of light absorber: lead-halide perovskites instead of inorganic or organic dyes. After the first publication on a liquid device of a CH3NH3PbI3 cell1, a specimen with yield 6.54%2 was reported. Several communications have been made on solid-state devices, reaching efficiencies of 9.7%3 and even 10.9% using a mesoporous alumina scaffold and a mixed-halide perovskite.4 The latter report highlighted the charge transport capabilities of these materials using a mixed-halide, CH3NH3PbI2Cl. Moreover, great light harvesting capabilities of perovskites allow the use of very thin mesoporous films, typically below 500 nm. Alternatively, p-type perovskite such as CsSnI3 have shown hole transport capabilities and were successfully used to replace the hole-transporting material with 8.51% efficiency.5 These results open the door for an all-perovskite solar cell.
In this presentation we focus on the CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite and its mixed halide derivative CH3NH3PbI2Cl. We investigate material behavior at the titania interface, highlighting electron injection capabilities in parallel with hole transfer towards spiro-OMeTAD hole transporter. We use time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) to study the emission dynamics as well as photo-induced absorption spectroscopy (PIA) that allows monitoring of transient species. We also investigate the different morphologies of the material resulting from various synthetic routes, and therefore leading to different coatings of the titania or alumina interface in terms of crystallite size or pore-filling of the mesoporous scaffold. Differences and similarities to dye-sensitized devices will be addressed.
(1) Kojima, A.; Teshima, K.; Shirai, Y.; Miyasaka, T. Organometal Halide Perovskites as Visible-Light Sensitizers for Photovoltaic Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2009, 131, 6050–6051. (2) Im, J.-H.; Lee, C.-R.; Lee, J.-W.; Park, S.-W.; Park, N.-G. 6.5% efficient perovskite quantum-dot-sensitized solar cell. Nanoscale 2011, 3, 4088. (3) Kim, H.-S.; Lee, C.-R.; Im, J.-H.; Lee, K.-B.; Moehl, T.; Marchioro, A.; Moon, S.-J.; Humphry-Baker, R.; Yum, J.-H.; Moser, J.-E.; Grätzel, M.; Park, N.-G. Lead Iodide Perovskite Sensitized All-Solid-State Submicron Thin Film Mesoscopic Solar Cell with Efficiency Exceeding 9%. Sci. Rep. 2012, 2. (4) Lee, M. M.; Teuscher, J.; Miyasaka, T.; Murakami, T. N.; Snaith, H. J. Efficient Hybrid Solar Cells Based on Meso-Superstructured Organometal Halide Perovskites. sciencemag.org 2012, 338, 643–647. (5) Chung, I.; Lee, B.; He, J.; Chang, R. P. H.; Kanatzidis, M. G. All-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells with high efficiency. Nature 2012, 485, 486–489.
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