Publication date: 7th February 2022
Diclofenac is one of the most frequently detected pharmaceuticals in waters and urban wastewaters, since its biodegradation in wastewater treatment plants is limited; the concentrations of DCF in wastewater treatment plant effluents and surface waters have been detected in the range of 0.14–1.48 μgL−1.The degradation of DCF, individually or in combination with other drugs, induced by various AOPs has to be investigated. Nanocrystalline CuFe2−xMxO4 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1), [M = Al, Cr] was synthesized via using a modified sol-gel method and explored their usage for photocatalytic degradation of Diclofenac. The synthesized metal oxides were characterized using SEM, XRD, UV-Vis and PL techniques. The crystallite size was decreased from 13 to 6 nm with increasing Al3+ content and increased while increasing the Cr3+ content (due to the difference in the ionic radii of the metal ions). The undoped sample showed a bandgap of 1.72 eV, while, doped showed a decrease in bandgap from 1.72 eV to 1.64 eV for Al3+ doping and to 1.64 eV for Cr3+ doping. PL studies reveal that multiple excited states exist due to the presence of defects. Developed photocatalysts are easy to synthesize, low-cost and are being explored for the degradation of Diclofenac under visible light irradiation.
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