Publication date: 31st May 2020
One of the main degradation pathways of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is the migration of volatile perovskite decomposition products from the structure of the photoactive layer. Recently it was reported, that tha layer composed of organic triarylamine-based hole-transport materials (HTMs) and metal oxide demonstrates low gas-permeability and, thus, can serve as a barrier layer for volatile products (Sanehira E. et.al. ACS Energy Lett., 2016, 1, 1 38-45).
On the other hand, the application of state-of-the-art organic HTMs usually requires additional p-doping to improve HTM transport properties. However, the transport properties of the layer can be improved by the utilization of different types of intermolecular interactions. For instance, flat aromatic molecules are known to interact through π- π stacking inside the film.
Herein we investigate four pyrene derivatives as HTMs in PSC. Pyrene-based PSCs demonstrate up to 17.9% power conversion efficiencies without p-doping additives. We show, that the HTM deposition method strongly impacts PSC efficiency. In particular, devices with an evaporated layer of pyrene-based HTM show 2-3% higher efficiencies compared with devices based on solution-processed HTMs in all four cases.
Additionally, we study the encapsulation properties of three pyrene derivatives spin-coated atop conventional perovskite CH3NH3PbI3. As a reference state-of-the-art HTM polytriarylamine (PTAA) was used. The bilayers with configuration perovskite/HTM were exposed to constant illumination with light power 70mW/cm2 and elevated temperature 55°C in the anoxic atmosphere. We observe, that all pyrene derivatives tend to slow down perovskite degradation, while perovskite films coated with PTAA decompose within 20 hours.
To sum up, we showed that p-type materials containing pyrene moiety are perspective HTMs for efficient PSCs, which also mitigate perovskite decomposition.
The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 19-33-90294
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