Solvent engineering to control the morphology of hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskites
Ignasi Burgues-Ceballos a, Stelios Choulis a, Mariano Campoy-Quiles b
a Cyprus University of Technology, Kitiou Kyprianou, 45, Limassol, Cyprus
nanoGe Perovskite Conferences
Proceedings of Perovskite Thin Film Photovoltaics (ABXPV16)
Barcelona, Spain, 2016 March 3rd - 4th
Organizers: Emilio Palomares and Nam-Gyu Park
Oral, Ignasi Burgues-Ceballos, presentation 032
Publication date: 14th December 2015

Controlling the morphology and composition of the perovskite phase is critical for obtaining high efficiency and stable perovskite solar cells. Films with high surface coverage and without pinholes can be obtained by achieving a proper crystallisation, that is, nucleation and crystal growth. With this purpose, many reported works have focused in different aspects to address a proper film formation. Generally, it has been found that crystallisation may depend on several issues, namely the type of surface, perovskite composition, solvents and additives, deposition method, atmospheric conditions and post-deposition treatments.

One-step solution-processing is very promising for low-cost photovoltaic applications, as the processing time can be drastically reduced. However, perovskite layers prepared with this method typically show lower reproducibility due to a harder control of morphology and a higher sensitivity to atmospheric conditions.

In this work we show the development of a new solvent formulation for one-step deposition that combines solvents with different evaporation rates and different solubility for the perovskite precursors. This potentially forces a partial vertical phase separation of the precursors, which allows a more progressive perovskite formation and results in a denser film. The designed system therefore leads to a scenario closer to what happens in the two-step method, where the organic compound is deposited on top of a previously formed inorganic precursor dense layer. Morphological studies are correlated to the photovoltaic performance of inverted planar perovskite solar cells prepared with this solvent system.



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