DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.aohm.2019.009
Publication date: 8th January 2019
Metal halide perovskites are in the focus of research as this material class allowed realizing photovoltaic cells (PVCs) with already over 20% energy conversion efficiency. Despite tremendous progress made in PVC performance, the fundamental understanding of material properties is rather limited. Particularly, the alignment of energy levels at interfaces within devices determines their function and efficiency, and thus needs to be known and controlled. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we provide a solid understanding of prototypical perovskites’ electronic band structure, and link results obtained from single crystals to electronic properties of solution-deposited thin films. This is done by contructing thin film spectra from appropriate cuts throug the Brillouin zone of single crystal data. The influence of oxygen and water exposure on perovskite surface electronic properties is unravelled, and the impact of Pb-based defects on surface properties and the level alignment in PVCs exemplified. Furthermore, it is demonstrated how molecular agents can be employed to reduce the density of defect states, which are detrimental for efficient photovoltaic cells.
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