Hydrogen is emerging as a key element in Spain's energy transition strategy, aligning with both European decarbonization goals and national efforts to achieve climate neutrality by 2050. As a clean and versatile energy carrier, hydrogen has gained attention as one of the feasible and potential solution to decarbonize hard-to-abate sectors such as heavy industry, transportation, and long-term energy storage. Spain's favourable geographic conditions, including abundant solar and wind resources, position the country as a competitive producer of green hydrogen, generated through electrolysis powered by renewable energy.

The Spanish government has taken decisive steps to promote hydrogen development, particularly through its "Hydrogen Roadmap: A Commitment to Renewable Hydrogen," approved in 2020 and reviewed in 2024. This roadmap sets ambitious targets for 2030, including the installation of 12 GW of electrolyser capacity, the deployment of hydrogen refuelling stations, and the integration of hydrogen within different industrial processes.

Challenges remain, particularly in scaling up infrastructure, reducing costs, and creating a regulatory framework that ensures market competitiveness and safety. However, with strong political support, technological advances, and growing key collaborations, Spain is well-positioned to become a leader in the European hydrogen economy.

This abstract provides a concise overview of the current state, policies, opportunities, and challenges of hydrogen development in Spain, emphasizing its strategic role in the broader context of energy transition and sustainability.

This keynote aims to review the National plans to develop and deploy the hydrogen economy, based on the objectives defined for 2030 and 2050 to reach net zero emissions. Current ongoing projects are explained, as well as the different funding schemes used to deploy the solution within different industries to be decarbonized, both as an energy vector and as an industrial raw material.

Finally, the future European and National challenges are mentioned, with the aim of being able to meet the fixed objectives to achieve the complete decarbonization of the economy to reach a net zero emissions by 2050.

Key words: Hydrogen, green hydrogen, renewable energies, decarbonization, Zero emissions, electrolysis, fuel cells, applications, strategy, roadmap, Europe, Spain, Challenges.