Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV14)
Publication date: 1st March 2014
Blends of semiconducting polymer and carbon fullerene derivative have been used to create organic polymer photovoltaic devices with efficiencies up to 6.5%. The formation of nano-structure within the active layer materials used in such devices has been observed in real time during processing. The final morphologies within the active layer plays a fundamental role in determining the efficiency of the devices produced. In situ spectroscopic ellipsometry and grazing incidence x-ray scattering have been employed to monitor rh evolution of the polymer and fullren phase separation and crystallization during the film drying process. The thin films are fabricated from solution of the polymer and fulleren derivative using a custom built by bar spreading system.
We identify three differnt stages in the drying process i) rapid solvent evaporation and slow crystallization, ii) slower eolven evaporation and rapid crysatllization and iii) slow solvent evaporation and slow crysatllization. Typical polymers assemble into ordered lamellae and the fullerene derivatives aggregate to form nano-crysatallites once the solvent fraction reduces below a critical value. Solvent evaporation becomes limited by diffusion through the solidifying film towards the surface.
This study provides insight into the dynamic processes that determine the nano-scale morphologies within organic photovoltaic thi films. This offers the prospect of guiding the optimization of thin film structure to achieve better device performance.
The experimental set-up used to acquire in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry and x-ray scattering during the film drying process.
Andrew J. Pearson, Tao Wang, Alan D. F. Dunbar, Hunan Yi, Darren C. Watters, David M. Coles, Paul A. Staniec, Ahmed Iraqi, Richard A. L. Jones, David G. Lidzey Morphology Development in Amorphous Polymer:Fullerene Photovoltaic Blend Films During Solution Casting - Advanced Functional Materials, Published Online 2 Oct 2013 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201301922
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