Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV23)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.hopv.2023.229
Publication date: 30th March 2023
Organic solar cells (OSCs) have rapidly advanced, reaching state of the art power conversion efficiency (PCE) of above 19 % for single junction solar cells [1]. The energetic offset between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels of the donor and acceptor components of organic photovoltaic (OPV) blends is well-known to affect the device PCE. It is well established that decreasing the energy offset increases the open circuit voltage (VOC) but decreases the short circuit current (JSC). The latter has been explained by insufficient charge generation. However, the effect of the offset on the recombination and fill factor (FF) and on the underlying processes is less clear. Here, we study free charge generation and recombination in different non-fullerene acceptors, Y6, TPT10, ITIC, Y5 and o-IDBTR, blended with the same donor polymer PM6. We demonstrate that a diminishing HOMO-HOMO energy offset results in field-dependent charge generation. On the other hand, reformation of excitons from free charges is identified as an additional channel for free carrier recombination, which goes along with a substantial rise in the bimolecular recombination coefficient. In combination of these two effects, the FF drops condiserably with decreasing energy offset. We show that bulk properties such as morphology and carrier mobilities can not fully explain the observed difference in the device performance, highlighting again the importance of interfacial kinetics and thermodynamics in controlling the OPV efficiency, both through generation and recombination of charge carriers.
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