Publication date: 5th November 2025
Halide perovskites have emerged as transformative materials across optoelectronics, primarily driven by their success in the photovoltaic field. Their exceptional properties, including a direct, tunable bandgap and low non-radiative recombination, are not only ideal for solar energy conversion but are also foundational for creating high-performance light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and advanced photocatalytic systems. However, the dual challenges of lead toxicity and long-term instability have hindered their widespread adoption. While lead-free tin (Sn) halide perovskites are the most promising alternative, their poor stability, particularly the rapid oxidation of Sn2+ has severely limited the performance and lifetime of all device architectures.
In this presentation, we demonstrate a significant leap forward in stabilizing Sn-based perovskites. We detail how a synergistic approach combining targeted additive engineering and controlled light soaking passivates critical defects, enhancing the material's intrinsic stability. This strategy leads to a remarkable improvement in the operational lifetime of our solar cells, and we dissect the underlying mechanisms that go beyond simply preventing oxidation, enhancing stability and photoconversion performance.
Crucially, these advancements have profound implications for other Sn-perovskite applications. Considering Sn-perovskite LEDs, we show how additives and the use of proper injecting contacts can enhance LED performance. Furthermore, we will explore the application of these stabilized materials in photocatalysis, especially the use of 2D tin perovskite powders for HI splitting and H2 production in aqueous media, highlight the material recycling possibilities. This work presents a unified strategy to overcome the core stability issues of Sn-perovskites, unlocking their potential not only for next-generation photovoltaics but also for efficient lighting and solar-driven chemistry.
This work was supported by the European Innovation Council (EIC) via OHPERA project (grant agreement 101071010), and the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ and by FEDER “Una manera de hacer Europa” under projects DEMARSYS (PID2023-152771OB-I00) project PLEDs (PID2022-140090OB-C21/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER) and Generalitat Valenciana via Prometeo Grant Q-Solutions (CIPROM/2021/078). The authors are very grateful to the “Serveis Centrals d'Instrumentació Científica (SCIC)” of the Universitat Jaume I.
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