Publication date: 5th November 2025
The degradation of perovskite solar cells is a complex process governed by the dynamic interplay between electronic and ionic phenomena. These coupled processes give rise to characteristic slow responses, hysteresis, and memory effects that strongly influence device performance and stability. In this work, we employ a dynamic model that integrates both charge transport and ionic migration to analyze these effects in detail. The model successfully reproduces key experimental observations, including capacitive and inductive features in the impedance spectra. In particular, the occurrence of an inductive loop can be interpreted as a chemical inductor, originating from the delayed feedback between ionic redistribution and electronic recombination or transport processes.
Such behavior is closely related to the strong hysteresis and memory effects previously observed in perovskite memristors, where the combination of electronic and ionic mechanisms leads to non-linear and history-dependent responses. By combining impedance spectroscopy and time-domain transient measurements, we identify distinct time constants associated with charge accumulation, ion migration, and recombination, and we track their evolution during degradation. The analysis reveals two predominant degradation pathways: (i) reduced charge collection, resulting in lower photocurrent, and (ii) enhanced recombination, leading to a loss in photovoltage.
By correlating these mechanisms with their dynamical electrical signatures, we establish a comprehensive physical framework that connects hysteresis, chemical inductance, and degradation phenomena in perovskite solar cells. This approach provides a powerful diagnostic route to understand and mitigate performance losses in emerging perovskite optoelectronic devices.
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