Proceedings of Asia-Pacific International Conference on Perovskite, Organic Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics (IPEROP27)
Publication date: 22nd October 2026
Lead perovskite solar cells (LPSCs) have attracted considerable interest from both academia and industry owing to their outstanding optoelectronic properties and cost-effective fabrication. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of LPSCs has served from 3.8% to 28% since 2012.[1, 2, 3] However, the toxicity of lead poses risk to human health and plant growth, which restricts the further application and commercialization of LPSCs.[4, 5] Consequently, the substitution of lead has become necessary to adapt the environmental and fitness demand.
The toxicity of lead The pursuit of highly efficient and stable tin perovskite solar cells has mired in formidable challenges of Sn2+ oxidation and iodine (I-) migration, which induce heavy p type doping and undesirable non-radiative recombination. Herein, Natural hydrohyl contained reductants are employed as multifunctional additives, which effectively shields the device from moisture ingress and concurrently refines the perovskite crystallinity by reducing trap density. Improved carrier transport and reduced non-radiative recombination is realized through favorable bandgap alignment and effective interfacial defect passivation. Both Sn2+ oxidation and I- migration are markedly suppressed via hydrogen bonding interactions, which substantially raises the energy barrier for superoxide generation. As a result, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.58% is yielded based on Cs0.02MA0.23FA0.73EDA0.01SnI3 perovskite solar cells. Notably, the unencapsulated device maintains over 90% of the original efficiency after 1000 hours in inert atmosphere.
This work was financially supported by basic research projects of Education Department of Liaoning Province (Grant No. LJ222510146002 and Grant No. LJ212510146006)
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