Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted considerable attention as next-generation photovoltaic technologies owing to their high power conversion efficiencies, lightweight characteristics, and potential compatibility with low-cost manufacturing processes. Although remarkable progress has been achieved in laboratory-scale devices, several challenges remain for commercialization, including long-term durability, scalable and reproducible manufacturing, and efficient optimization of complex fabrication processes. In this presentation, we introduce our research activities toward the practical deployment of PSCs, with a particular focus on materials development [1-5], scalable fabrication processes, advanced characterization, and data-driven process optimization [6, 7].

To improve the long-term stability of PSCs, we have focused on the development of durable functional materials and strategies to suppress degradation. Conventional organic hole-transport materials often rely on hygroscopic dopants that can promote ion migration and accelerate device degradation [1, 2, 5]. To address these issues, we have developed dopant-free hole-transport materials and alternative dopant systems designed to maintain device performance while improving stability [3]. In addition, molecular approaches using phosphonic-acid-based additives have been investigated to enhance the durability of perovskite materials against environmental stresses such as moisture, heat, and light [8]. Spectroscopic and structural characterization has also been employed to understand the interactions between these functional molecules and perovskite materials and to establish guidelines for designing more stable materials and interfaces.

For large-scale manufacturing, scalable deposition technologies capable of producing uniform and high-quality perovskite films with high reproducibility are essential. We have therefore developed continuous coating processes as well as automated fabrication platforms for controlling critical processing parameters and improving fabrication reproducibility. Furthermore, Process Informatics (PI), including Bayesian optimization, has been introduced to efficiently explore multidimensional process conditions and accelerate optimization [7]. By combining automated experiments with data-driven optimization, this approach offers a promising strategy for reducing experimental effort and shortening process-development cycles [8].

Finally, we discuss how the integration of materials development, scalable fabrication technologies, advanced characterization, and data-driven optimization can contribute to overcoming the technological barriers to PSC commercialization. Future challenges and perspectives, including scale-up manufacturing, reliability assessment, and collaboration with industry, will also be discussed.