Self-Powered Plasmonic Cu/ZnO Photodetector: Multifunctional Platform for Optical Communication, Imaging, and Synaptic Emulation
Khomdram Bijoykumar Singh a,  b, Jyotisman Bora c, Arup Ratan Pal a,  b
a Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati, 781035, India
b Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
c Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Material Science, IIT Bombay, 400076.
Poster, Khomdram Bijoykumar Singh, 063
Publication date: 22nd October 2026

Integrating optical sensing with information processing in a single self-powered device offers a promising route toward energy-efficient optoelectronic systems. Here, we demonstrate a multifunctional, zero-bias photodetector comprising a ZnO thin film deposited by pulsed DC reactive magnetron sputtering and decorated with plasmonic copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs). Under 365 nm illumination, the device exhibits a responsivity on the order of 10 mA W-1 and a specific detectivity of approximately 1010 Jones at zero bias. The photodetector also exhibits pronounced wavelength-dependent temporal dynamics, with 3 dB bandwidths of approximately 350 Hz at 365 nm and 10 Hz at 450 nm. Exploiting this disparity, we demonstrate an optical communication scheme in which 450 nm illumination acts as a masking signal while information encoded in 365 nm pulses is selectively recovered through the detector’s wavelength-dependent pulse width response. Under 450 nm illumination, the device further exhibits synaptic-like optoelectronic behavior, enabling the emulation of essential synaptic functions. In addition, its zero-bias operation enables single-pixel ultraviolet imaging without an external electrical power supply. These results establish Cu-decorated ZnO as a versatile thin-film platform for integrating self-powered photodetection with optical information transmission, imaging, and neuromorphic functionality.

DST, IASST, SAIC-IASST

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