Proceedings of Asia-Pacific International Conference on Perovskite, Organic Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics (IPEROP27)
Publication date: 22nd October 2026
Chiral organic–inorganic hybrid lead halides are attracting interest in optical and optoelectronic applications, such as second-harmonic generation and circularly polarized light detection. Their formation from achiral building blocks provides an opportunity to understand how intermolecular interactions and crystal packing give rise to crystallographic chirality. In this study, we investigated pyrimidinium-derived cations bearing OH, NH2, or SH groups at the 2-position, focusing on how their hydrogen-bonding interactions influence inorganic framework connectivity and crystal symmetry.
Single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed substituent-dependent octahedral connectivity in the corresponding lead bromides. The hydroxy- and amino-substituted derivatives formed layered frameworks comprising face-sharing octahedral dimers connected through corner-sharing, whereas the mercapto-substituted derivative yielded a two-dimensional framework composed entirely of corner-sharing octahedra.
Remarkably, the lead iodide incorporating the achiral hydroxy-substituted pyrimidinium cation (OHPm+), (OHPm)3Pb2I7, formed an unusual chiral intermediate-dimensional (1.5D) framework. This structure consists of face-sharing PbI6 octahedral dimers connected through corner-sharing to form layers. Absolute-structure analyses of multiple single crystals confirmed both enantiomorphic forms in the Sohncke space group P212121. The two forms exhibit opposite senses of twisting within the octahedral dimers, while all dimers within each crystal exhibit the same handedness. We discuss the possible roles of O–H···N hydrogen bonding between organic cations and organic–inorganic interactions in stabilizing this chiral organization.
Electronic-structure calculations indicated that the pyrimidinium moieties contribute to the conduction-band edge of (OHPm)3Pb2I7, suggesting that the organic component plays an electronic role in addition to its structural role. These findings demonstrate that achiral pyrimidinium-derived cations can give rise to chiral hybrid lead halide frameworks characterized by an ordered arrangement of inorganic octahedral dimers with uniform handedness.
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