Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2024 Conference (MATSUS24)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsus.2024.178
Publication date: 18th December 2023
Halide perovskites overwhelmed the field of photovoltaics with unprecedented progress in efficiency. Their facile bandgap tunability renders perovskite solar cells excellent building-blocks for multi-junction architectures, that provide the prospect to overcome fundamental efficiency limits of single-junctions. Combinations of perovskite wide-gap cells exist with a large variety of narrow-gap technologies, such as silicon or CIGS. Furthermore, low-cost tandem technologies are particularly interesting, such as all-perovskite tandems. However, stability concerns exist especially for narrow-gap perovskite cells, that typically contain large amounts of tin (instead of lead). The notorious oxidation of the Sn2+ to Sn4+ infers a detrimental self-doping [1]. Since this issue might impose a fundamental stability limit, organic solar cells are an attractive alternative as a narrow-gap subcell to form perovskite/organic tandems. Since the introduction of non-fullerene acceptors has revived the field, organic solar cells now reach efficiencies >19% and express absorption spectra extending well into the infrared. Organic and perovskite semiconductors share similar processing technologies, which makes them attractive partners in multi-junction architectures. I will discuss the prospects and challenges of perovskite-organic tandem solar cells by highlighting the key aspects of the individual building blocks and their interplay in the tandem. Specifically, the role of non-fullerene acceptors in efficient narrow-gap organic solar cells with high operational stability is discussed. A further focus is the wide-gap perovskite solar cell, where long term stability is the most pressing issue that needs attention. Eventually, the design and functionality of high-quality interconnects are outlined along with a view on its impacts on the characteristics of the tandem. I will present a specific example of a perovskite/organic tandem using an ALD grown InOx interconnect yielding a very promising efficiency of 24% with prospects reaching well beyond 30%.[2] In the end, I will benchmark perovskite-organic tandem solar cells against other emerging tandem solar cell technologies.
We acknowledge the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (within the SPP 2196: grant numbers RI 1551/15-1, RI 1551/12-1; individual grant numbers: RI 1551/18-1, RI 1551/4-3, RI 1551/7-2 and HE 2698/7-2), the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) (grant number: 01DP20008) and the Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi) (grant number: ZF4037809DF8) for financial support. The research leading to these results has received partial funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Programme under grant agreement no. 951774 (FOXES).
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