Materials & processes to scale-up 2-terminal perovskite/Si tandem solar cells

Quentin Jeangros^a, Xin Yu Chin^a, Florent Sahli^a, Adriana Paracchino^a, Daniel Jacobs^a, Felipe Saenz^a, Marion Dussouillez^a, Ricardo Augusto Zanotto Razera^a, Julian Walter^a, Michele De Bastiani^a, Lisa Champault^a, Adrien Theytaz^a, Jean-David Decoppet^a, Deniz Türkay^b, Kerem Artuk^b, Christian Wolff^b, Laurie-Lou Senaud^a, Jonas Geissbühler^a, Antoine Descoeudres^a, Bertrand Paviet-Salomon^a, Christophe Ballif^a^,^b

^aCentre d’Electronique et de Microtechnique (CSEM), Rue Jaquet-Droz 1, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland

^bÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institute of Electrical and Microengineering (IEM), Photovoltaics and Thin-Film Electronics Laboratory (PV-Lab), Rue de la Maladière 71b, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland,

Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MATSUS)
Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2024 Conference (MATSUS24)

#COMPER24 - Towards Commercialization of Perovskite Photovoltaics: Scalability, Stability, and Circularity

Barcelona, Spain, 2024 March 4th - 8th

Organizers: Tom Aernouts, Maria Hadjipanayi and Anurag Krishna

Invited Speaker, Quentin Jeangros, presentation 196
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsus.2024.196
Publication date: 18th December 2023

The addition of a perovskite thin-film solar cell on the front side of a commercial silicon solar cell promises power conversion efficiencies beyond the theoretical efficiency limit of silicon photovoltaics, which sits at around 29.5%. Advantageously, the cost of adding this perovskite solar cell to form a tandem device should be diluted at the system level by balance-of-system components, making the approach attractive from a commercial perspective.

This contribution will review perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells developments ongoing at CSEM and EPFL PV-Lab, which closely collaborate on the topic. Focusing first on 1-cm² tandem solar cell prototypes, different approaches to reduce losses occurring at the interfaces of the perovskite top-cell absorber will be discussed. For example, the use of phosphonic acid compounds, as hole transport layer and as additive in the perovskite ink, has enabled the demonstration of tandem solar cells reaching certified power conversion efficiencies >30% with both planar and textured Si wafers.^1,2 Furthermore, the development of process flows compatible with industrial requirements will be discussed. Notably, a Ag paste screen-printing process compatible with the low thermal budget of the perovskite top cell has been developed, yielding for example 25-cm² tandem cells with a certified power conversion efficiency of 29.6%. Also, progress on perovskite absorber deposition processes compatible with larger, industrial-sized tandems (M6 and above, see Figure) will be discussed and challenges ahead highlighted. Finally, the presentation will review the results of various stability testing procedures, including damp heat, thermal cycling, light soaking and other accelerated aging conditions set up to reveal the failure modes of perovskite solar cells.³

References:

[1] Chin, X. Y.; Turkay, D.; Steele, J. A.; Tabean, S.; Eswara, S.; Mensi, M.; Fiala, P.; Wolff, C. M.; Paracchino, A.; Artuk, K.; Jacobs, D.; Guesnay, Q.; Sahli, F.; Andreatta, G.; Boccard, M.; Jeangros, Q.; Ballif, C. Interface Passivation for 31.25%-Efficient Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells. Science (80-. ). 2023, 381 (6653), 59–63.

[2] Turkay, D.; Artuk, K.; Chin, X.-Y.; Jacobs, D. A.; Moon, S.-J.; Walter, A.; Mensi, M.; Andreatta, G.; Blondiaux, N.; Lai, H.; Fu, F.; Boccard, M.; Jeangros, Q.; Wolff, C. M.; Ballif, C. High-Efficiency (>30%) Monolithic Perovskite-Si Tandem Solar Cells with Flat Front-Side Wafers. 2023, In review.

[3] Jacobs, D. A.; Wolff, C. M.; Chin, X.; Artuk, K.; Ballif, C.; Jeangros, Q. Lateral Ion Migration Accelerates Degradation in Halide Perovskite Devices. Energy Environ. Sci. 2022, 15 (12), 5324–5339.

Acknowledgements:

Swiss National Science Foundation grant 200021_197006 (PAPET); Swiss Federal Office of Energy grant SI/501804 (INTENT); Swiss Federal Office of Energy grant SI/502209 (PRESTO); Innosuisse 52948.1 IP-EE (ADASTRA).

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