Publication date: 21st July 2025
Anion exchange membrane fuel cell (AEMFC) has significant interest due to their ability to operate without the use of precious metal catalysts and their potential for cost reduction compared to proton exchange membrane fuel cells. However, the membrane's conductivity reduction due to the presence of HCO3- and CO32- is a problem, which are produced when CO2 in the air dissolves into water. Conversely, research is being conducted on CO2 collectors that take advantage of this property. While prior studies have focused on the capture of CO2 from the atmosphere and the supply of CO2 reduced air to living environments [1], this study proposes the utilization of the concentrated CO2 after transportation through the AEM. That is, since the CO2 is captured at the oxygen reduction reaction cathode, and transferred to the hydrogen oxidation anode, the concentration of CO2 in the anode exhaust is mainly discussed here.
An AEM fuel cell with the electrode area of 6.25 cm2 was utilized for measurements related to CO2 transportation and concentration. The Pt/C catalyst was utilized as both the anode and the cathode catalyst, and the Ti mesh was employed as a current collector plate. The fuel cell was operated with the supplies of humidified air (CO2 concentration: 400ppm) to the cathode and humidified hydrogen to the anode. The humidification was performed to achieve saturation at room temperature. The concentration ratio depended on the flow rate of the air and hydrogen. The fuel cell was operated at 100 mA and CO2 in the air supplied to the cathode was transferred to the anode and concentrated to 4000ppm when the air and hydrogen flowrate was 600 sccm and 6 sccm, respectively.
When this device is used with a water electrolyzer operated by clean energy, the CO2 in the air in residences and offices can be concentrated without fossil fuels. This concentrated CO2 is useful for the recent digital and smart agriculture, that is, this can be supplied to greenhouses to grow plants.
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