Publication date: 22nd July 2026
All-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are promising for their superior thermal stability, yet their performance is often limited by solvent trapping and inefficient crystallization. Here, we present a co-solvent engineering strategy in which dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is partially replaced with acetonitrile (AcN) in the precursor solution. We propose that this binary solvent system promotes the formation of intermediate coordination complexes, enabling more effective removal of residual DMSO during the crystallization process. A range of characterization techniques is employed to elucidate the solvent interactions and crystallization behavior, revealing improved film formation and structural quality. Consequently, CsPbI₂Br perovskite solar cells fabricated with an optimized DMSO:AcN ratio exhibit enhanced morphology, reduced trap-state density, and an increase in power conversion efficiency from 12.7% to 14.0%. This work demonstrates a straightforward and scalable approach to achieving more uniform and reproducible perovskite thin films, representing an important step toward their practical and industrial deployment.
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