Publication date: 22nd July 2026
Electrode durability for alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) systems still remains a major challenge that needs to be addressed [1]. Transition metal phosphides (TMPs), are considered as one of most promising electrocatalysts due to their high electrocatalytic performance that competes with several noble-based metals catalysts [2]. However, the instability under AWE conditions due to TMPs degradation limits their applicability for large-scale operations. On the other hand, exsolution materials due to their strong metal-host interactions exhibit high electrochemical stability even under demanding conditions but lack in terms of performance [3-4]. Herein, we report a novel synthetic method of devising a hybrid exsolved-TMP catalyst that exhibits high electrocatalytic performance for both HER and OER, with ηHER10: 109 mV, ηHER100: 247 mv and ηOER10: 130 mV, ηΟER100: 440 mv, respectively. While the performance of the hybrid catalyst is noteworthy, the electrochemical stability is of immense interest. By performing HER and OER stability experiments at 0.1 A cm-2 for 100 hours, our exsolved hybrid catalyst superior electrochemical stability than traditional TMP catalyst. This approach provides a new synthetic route of devising durable, high-performing TMPs catalysts via exsolution approach, for electrochemical-based energy conversion applications.
[1] Harun Tüysüz,Acc. Chem. Res. 2024, 57, 4, 558–567
[2] Z.Pu, T.Liu, I. S.Amiinu, R.Cheng, P.Wang, C.Zhang, P.Ji, W.Hu, J.Liu, S.Mu, Transition-Metal Phosphides: Activity Origin, Energy-Related Electrocatalysis Applications, and Synthetic Strategies. Adv. Funct. Mater.2020, 30, 2004009. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202004009
[3] Dragos Neagu et al 2023 J. Phys. Energy 5 031501
[4] Tao, S., Irvine, J. A redox-stable efficient anode for solid-oxide fuel cells. Nature Mater 2, 320–323 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat871
The authors acknowledge the support from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) Critical Mass grant EP/R023522/1, the Light element Analysis Facility Grant EP/T019298/1, the Strategic Equipment Resource grant EP/R023751/1 and Innovate UK/EU Horizon EXSOTHyC 101137604.
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