Publication date: 22nd July 2026
The surgent request for solar-based optoelectronics calls for a continuous improvement of technologies that combine solar conversion and energy storage, both in their performance and compactness. In this sense, doped Metal Oxide Nanocrystals (MO NCs) are exploitable as both photo-active and charge-storing layer in 2-terminal photocapacitors owing to photodoping. This phenomenon bestows MO NCs the ability of accumulating and retaining charges upon illumination1. The spectroscopical changes detected under illumination for MO NCs solutions of several compounds, e.g., indium tin oxide (ITO) and substoichiometric tungsten oxide (WO3-x), confirm the presence of electron accumulation2. Consequently, we investigated the possibility of transferring these properties in solid state form. A solution processing approach was adopted to fabricate electrodes, with the goal of employing them as the photoactive element in 2-terminal photocapacitors3. The devices were fabricated with a simple architecture ensuring the possibility of studying the photostorage behavior of WO2.69 and ITO under solar and UV illumination, respectively. Under illumination conditions, we detected an increment in the specific capacitance of the device. These promising results, along with the possibility of adding complexity to the device architecture via careful design of the counter electrode and other components, pave the way for the realization of a new generation of energy storage devices4.
The authors acknowledge the LEAF Project, funded by the Horizon Europe programme under grant agreement N° 101186701
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