Publication date: 22nd July 2026
A detailed understanding of catalyst surface and interfacial phenomena is essential to the rational design of more efficient energy conversion systems. In this talk, I will demonstrate how liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy (TEM) affords valuable insight into the complex organic/inorganic and solid/liquid/gas interfaces that govern catalytic behavior.
I will first review recent advances in confined TEM microcell design, before briefly discussing their application in real-time imaging of copper catalysts during the CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR) [1]. I will then extensively cover how electrochemical liquid-phase TEM, applied to cobalt-based oxygen-evolving oxides, elucidates the effects of electrowetting and the active Co²⁺/Co³⁺ redox transition as the catalyst surface becomes increasingly hydrophilic [2]. Finally, I will present recent findings on iridium oxide-based catalysts, integrating experimental observations with molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations.
These advanced electron microscopy diagnostics offer fundamental insights into the 'true' starting state of catalytic systems and their evolution during electrocatalytic processes at a scale that is otherwise inaccessible, providing a powerful complement to other characterisation techniques.
