Proceedings of nanoGe September Meeting 2017 (NFM17)
Publication date: 20th June 2016
The water oxidation reaction is considered to be the kinetic bottle-neck to achieving efficient solar fuel production as four oxidative equivalents are required to evolve one molecule of oxygen. Design of efficient photoanodes for photoelectrochemical water oxidation is therefore an active area of research with highly stable transition metal oxides (TMOs) at the forefront.1 In this work we employ transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) to examine tungsten oxide nanoneedles synthesised by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) and demonstrate comparatively rapid water oxidation with respect to other TMOs. Oxidation of water is observed to occur up to an order of magnitude faster in the WO3 photoanode under bias than in Fe2O3 or TiO2 under similar conditions.2, 3 Furthermore, the reaction of holes at the surface is determined to be faster than the electron collection at the back contact. This slow electron transport is believed to be due to multiple trapping and de-trapping steps as a result of inherent oxygen vacancies and is exacerbated on introduction of intercalated protons which form additional trapping sites in the material. This work provides further evidence to the importance of controlling trap state formation in synthesis of photoanodes for solar water splitting.
(1) S. Chen, S. S. Thind and A. Chen, Electrochemistry Communications, 2016, 63, 10-17.
(2) A. Kafizas, Y. Ma, E. Pastor, S. R. Pendlebury, C. Mesa, L. Francàs, F. Le Formal, N. Noor, M. Ling, C. Sotelo-Vazquez, C. J. Carmalt, I. P. Parkin and J. R. Durrant, ACS Catalysis, 2017, DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01150, 4896-4903.
(3) M. Barroso, S. R. Pendlebury, A. J. Cowan and J. R. Durrant, Chemical Science, 2013, 4, 2724-2734.
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