Proceedings of nanoGe Fall Meeting 2018 (NFM18)
Publication date: 6th July 2018
Lead sulphide nanocrystal quantum dots have up to now been applied in a variety of high performance photodetector architectures, typically using nanocrystals with a bandgap of ~1200nm. Recent literature examples of PbS quantum dots being applied in hybrid CMOS imaging technology up to 1850nm1 has demonstrated that colloidal nanocrystals have an opportunity to replace current state of the art materials for infrared imaging. A major challenge is development of high quality colloidal materials operating up to the band gap of bulk PbS which has not been reported up to now. Here we fill this gap by developing a novel synthesis for a wide size range of PbS quantum dots ranging from 6nm to sizes well beyond the excitonic Bohr radius of PbS found at 18nm. The shape is seen to evolve from simple spheres via cubes and hexapods to finally become large octahedrons, for which photoconductivity figures of merit are included. Resultant nanocrystals are capped with oleic acid which are replaced with 0-dimensional perovskite ligands,2 namely potassium iodobismuth K3BiI6, through a simple and scalable phase transition based ligand exchange procedure for preparation of a semiconductor ink. Extensive TEM analysis on an iodobismuth capped cubic nanocrystal and validation with simulation lead to the conclusion that these ligands form an epitaxial shell on the nanocrystal surface of thickness 1-2nm (4-5 of the (002) lattice planes). Highly sensitive photoconductors were fabricated from the ink via simple drop casting with peak detectivity of 1.1 x1010 Jones, 3dB frequency of 5030Hz and operation with light of wavelengths beyond 3000nm; performance comparable with commercially available lead sulfide thin film photoconductors.
This work was supported by the European Comission via the Marie-Sklodowska Curie action Phonsi (H2020-MSCA-ITN-642656)
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