Proceedings of nanoGe Fall Meeting19 (NFM19)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.nfm.2019.146
Publication date: 18th July 2019
The capture of sunlight and its direct conversion to chemical fuels in artificial photosystems provides a promising route for sustainably meeting future energy demands. However, progress has been hindered by a lack of materials that are simultaneously stable, efficient, and scalable. To address this gap, international research efforts have intensively targeted transition metal oxide semiconductors as potentially stable light harvesting compounds. While recent work has led to the discovery of a remarkable range of new materials, the energy conversion efficiencies from these systems often fall far short of thermodynamic limits. Using bismuth vanadate, copper vanadate, and copper iron oxide as representative materials systems, we discuss how the fundamental electronic structure and defects impact photoexcitation processes, charge transport characteristics, and excited state lifetimes. Insights into dominant loss processes inform efforts to integrate these materials into monolithic photosystems and indicate strategies for improving performance characteristics. At the device level, we introduce the hybrid photo-electrochemical and -voltaic cell, which provides a route to overcome the problem of mismatched tandem component performance by adding a third electrical terminal to the bottom sub-cell. This architecture, which allows electrical power to be produced at the same time as chemicals in order to overcome current mismatches, provides one route to creating efficient and functional systems from the existing set of semiconductor light absorbers.
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