Publication date: 31st March 2013
Due to its abundance, stability, and ability to absorb solar irradiation, Hematite, α-Fe2O3, has been investigated for its application in solar hydrogen production via water splitting for more than three decades. Solar hydrogen production via water splitting with hematite (Fe2O3) has been limited by poor light absorption and a small hole diffusion length.This trade-off limits the solar energy conversion efficiency of semiconductors with poor transport properties wherein the minority charge carrier collection length is smaller than the light penetration depth. These drawbacks can be overcome by using a high surface area host to support a thin layer of hematite; this newnanostructured architecture candecouple the charge transport and optical path lengths and allows photogenerated holes to be produced in high proximity to the semiconductor-liquid junction. Here we demonstrate the effectiveness of this concept using a nanostructured host scaffold (SnO2) prepared by Pulse laser deposition (PLD) to support a thin layer of Fe2O3 nanoparticles deposited by atmospheric pressure CVD. Significantly, some of the SnO2/Fe2O3 photoanodes exhibited excellent photoelectrochemial water splitting performance due to very high surface area and a highly conductive pathway for charge carrier movement because of its high crystalinityof SnO2 (host) and high light absorption of Fe2O3 (guest) in the visible range.
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