Publication date: 22nd July 2026
The facile fabrication of perovskites coupled with their tuneable bandgap has made perovskites an ideal semiconductor for use in tandem devices. A popular tandem configuration is a perovskite wide band gap (1.7eV) deposited on top of a silicon narrow band gap cell. These devices have exceeded 33% efficiency in lab conditions. Whilst these efficiencies are very impressive, there are outstanding questions about the stability of the perovskite layer. Typically, thin films are made with mixed A-site cation systems, mixing Formamidinium and Caesium. However, mixed A-site perovskite systems have been shown to segregate into non-photoactive phases under operation, impeding long-term operational stability. To date, it has not been possible to form pure FA wide band gap perovskites due to the empirically known ‘miscibility gap’, where the photoactive perovskite phases do not form for particular halide compositions, including the 1.7eV composition. In this work, we demonstrate the use of 2-dimensional perovskite templates as an alternative crystallisation pathway through which pure FA-perovskites can be kinetically stabilised. Concurrently, through computational modelling, we posit a theoretical explanation for the presence of the miscibility gap in FA perovskites, owing to the thermodynamic preference of the non-photoactive phases over the photoactive ones in the ‘gap’. Through incorporating this new perovskite into a device, we achieve power conversion efficiencies exceeding 17% and eliminate the need for mixed A-site cation systems, thereby removing a potential bottleneck in the long-term stability of perovskite solar cells.
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