Learnings from Long-Term Outdoor Monitoring of (Lab- and Industry-scale) Perovskite-Based Solar Cells and Modules
Carolin Ulbrich a, Marko Remec a, Grecia Montserrat Mendoza Alcázar a, Natalia Schiwon a, Freya Leyland a, Rutger Schlatmann a
a PVcomB/ Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Schwarzschildstr.3, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
Proceedings of MATSUS Fall 2026 Conference (MATSUSFall26)
A4 Pathways to Stable Metal Halide Perovskites
Palma, Spain, 2026 October 26th - 30th
Organizers: Oussama ER-RAJI and Mostafa Othman
Invited Speaker, Carolin Ulbrich, presentation 385
Publication date: 22nd July 2026

Very high efficiencies for Perovskite-based single junction and tandem solar cells have been reached by research institutes and industry, shifting the research focus to long-term operational stability. Our longest data series for a single-junction Perovskite solar cell, currently 5.5 years long, shows pronounced seasonal variations in device performance. We investigated how this seasonal behavior can be attributed to changes in the solar spectrum, unconventional temperature-dependent behavior of aged perovskite-based devices and material metastability effects (specifically the light-soaking effect).

We show that these factors affect the two-terminal perovskite-based tandem solar cells (produced in-house) as well. However, tandem solar cells are more sensitive to changes in solar spectrum. The current mismatch between the top and bottom cell can reduce the device performance due to series connection of the sub-cells. We use indoor measurements under controlled conditions using different light spectra and operating temperatures to support the analysis.

Finally, we present the results from a one-year long dataset for six MPP-tracked industrial-size Perovskite-Silicon tandem modules (installed at an optimal 35° inclination, facing South) acquired at HZB’s test field in Berlin, Germany. Data will be presented together with monitoring results of a Silicon module as a reference, quantifying the possible gain in annual energy yield. All of the modules operated stably throughout the monitoring period, with no abnormal performance changes. Seasonal variations in relative performance were observed in the tandem modules. These changes are consistent with the changes in irradiance and module temperature.

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