Publication date: 22nd July 2026
First, I will show that thick methylammonium lead iodide single-crystal films operated in X-ray photovoltaic mode can overcome one of the central limitations of perovskite detectors: instability under high external bias.[1] At zero applied voltage, these devices achieve single-photon-sensitive X-ray detection, a detection efficiency of 88% at 18 keV, a noise-equivalent dose down to 90 pGyair, spatial resolution up to 11 lp mm-1, and operational stability exceeding one year. I will then discuss the extension of this concept to mixed-cation MAFA lead iodide single crystals, where improved charge transport enables millimetre-thick absorbers suitable for the full medical diagnostic energy range. These devices reach mobility-lifetime products up to 0.2 cm2 V-1, diffusion lengths of about 3.5 mm, detective quantum efficiency above 90% at 60 keV and 50% at 120 keV, and record perovskite-imager spatial resolution of 19 lp mm-1.
Finally, I will connect these detector advances to radiovoltaic energy conversion. Using solution-grown MAFAPbI3 single crystals, X-ray/gamma-voltaic cells reach a power conversion efficiency of 10.1% under X-ray irradiation, approaching the calculated Shockley-Queisser limit for this radiation regime and demonstrating the feasibility of low-cost perovskite-based nuclear batteries. Together, these results show that perovskite single crystals are not only promising detector materials, but a broader platform for converting hard radiation into useful electronic signals and electrical power.
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