Publication date: 22nd July 2026
Direct solar-driven hydrogen production provides a sustainable route to storing renewable energy in chemical bonds, but practical deployment requires photoelectrodes that combine high efficiency, long-term stability, and scalable fabrication. This presentation describes our recent advances in integrated photovoltaic (photo)electrodes based on organic bulk heterojunctions and halide perovskites for unassisted solar hydrogen production. We demonstrate monolithic organic tandem integrated photovoltaic anodes employing tandem PTQ11:GS-ISO and PTQ10:L8-BO absorbers of high photovoltage and stability together with engineered graphite/Ni/NiFeOOH catalytic sheets that simultaneously improve charge extraction, oxygen evolution kinetics, and operational stability. The optimized tandem (photo)anodes deliver sufficient photovoltage for unassisted, bias-free water splitting, achieving solar-to-hydrogen efficiencies of 8.4% and stable operation for over 67 h. On the (photo)cathode side, we demonstrate advances in halide perovskite integrated photovoltaic (photo)cathodes that combine Rb0.05Cs0.05MA0.05FA0.85Pb(I0.95Br0.05)3 photovoltaics with graphite protection layers and Pt nanoparticles grown on ZIF-8-derived porous carbon, reducing precious-metal loading by an order of magnitude while maintaining excellent hydrogen evolution activity and continuous operation exceeding 160 h in acidic electrolyte. Together, these studies establish practical design principles for integrating high-performance photovoltaic absorbers, conductive protective interfaces, and efficient electrocatalysts, providing a scalable pathway towards durable and efficient solar fuel production using next-generation solar-drive electrochemical devices.
