Publication date: 22nd July 2026
Indium(III)-based halide double perovskites have attracted considerable attention as sustainable luminescent materials owing to their high photoluminescence efficiency and compatibility with solution-processable fabrication.[1–3] Incorporating ns2 electron-metal ions, especially Sb(III) cations,[4] has been particularly effective in boosting PL efficiency by enabling self-trapped exciton (STE) emission states. These qualities make them appealing options for applications in solid-state lighting, sensing, and information encryption.[5,6] However, their inherently ionic metal-halide bonding and low formation energy render them sensitive to the environmental conditions, such as humidity, temperature, and chemical exposure.[7] While this environmental responsiveness is often viewed as a limitation,[8] it can be strategically leveraged to fine tune their photophysical properties, especially photoluminescence. Key structural factors which can significantly influence their emission characteristics are lattice dimensionality,[9] phase symmetry,[10] and metal-ligand coordination environment.[4,11] Building on these unique attributes, In(III) halide materials have recently attracted significant attention in the field of stimuli-responsive photoluminescent switching by external chemical or physical triggers.[12] Here we show that Sb-doped (CH3NH3)2NaInBr6 undergoes a rapid acetone-triggered transformation from a one-dimensional (1D) face-sharing phase to a zero-dimensional (0D) Sb-doped (CH3NH3)4InBr7 phase, resulting in a striking shift in emission color from yellow (λem = 585 nm) to orange (λem = 660 nm). This structural and optical switching between the 1D and 0D phases is fully reversible over multiple cycles. This reversible transformation occurs within seconds. Notably, acetone induces dimensionality reduction by selectively breaking or reforming the bridges between the polyhedra without being incorporated into the final crystal lattice. This study represents a rare mechanism of solvatochromism among In(III) based halide double perovskites, offering a promising approach for the development of rapid and reversible, lead-free luminescent materials for solvent sensing.
Authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support received from the Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB) and the Anusandhan National Research Foundation. (ANRF), Government of India, through a Core Research Grant (Grant No. CRG/2022/009230).
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