Proceedings of MATSUS Fall 2026 Conference (MATSUSFall26)
Publication date: 22nd July 2026
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) as hole-selective contacts (HSCs) have prompted the efficiency development of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in recent years. However, their non-uniform coverage on metal oxide electrodes causes interfacial carrier recombination, especially for large-area devices. At the same time, the susceptibility to molecule desorption under light and thermal stresses affects device operating stability. Here, we introduce a metal-ion-linked self-assembled molecular layer (MiLSAM) as robust HSCs to address these challenges. By using a sequentially assembling process, a molecular network with high valent metal ions as cross-linking nodes is formed. The resulting MiLSAM achieves homogeneous substrate coverage while shows improved stability against surface restructuring. Inverted PSCs employing MiLSAM achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.71% (certified 26.46%). 1-square-centimeter devices further demonstrated a record PCE of 25.75%. Encapsulated devices using the strategy exhibites outstanding thermal stability, retaining 91% of their initial PCE after 2000 hours near ISOS-D-3 conditions (85°C, 85% relative humidity), and 90% after 1000 hours of maximum power point tracking near ISOS-L-3 conditions (85°C, 50% relative humidity). Our work provides a promising path for enhancing device stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells simultaneously.
We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant NO. 2024YFE0107200, 2021YFA0715502, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22175118 and U24A20510), the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (24DZ3001000), and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon Europe Research and Innovation Program (INPERSPACE, Grant Agreement No. 101077006). We appreciate the Analytical Instrumentation Center (#SPST-AIC10112914) and Centre for High resolution Electron Microscopy (CħEM) of ShanghaiTech University. The computational support is provided by the high-performance computing facility in ShanghaiTech University.
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