Publication date: 16th July 2025
Over the past decade, substantial strides have been made in improving the performance of perovskite-based solar cells. Single-junction devices have surpassed the 27% efficiency barrier, while dual-junction all-perovskite tandem solar cells have exceeded 30%, and perovskite–silicon tandems have achieved efficiencies approaching 35%, marked by a series of record-breaking advancements. Our recent research has contributed significantly to this progress, achieving three power conversion efficiency records of 32.5%, 33.2%, and 33.7%. Furthermore, our realistic calculations project achievable efficiencies of up to 37.8%, underscoring the strong potential of our approach. These achievements were made possible by a series of improvements at the interfaces and the bulk of the perovskite. As for the interfaces, we had to solve several issues, such as introducing a dielectric interlayer between perovskite and fullerene contacts to mitigate induced defect states, enhancing the recombination junction through ultrathin indium zinc oxide electrodes, introducing alternative hole selective contacts including polymers, nickel oxide, and self-assembled contacts, and using alternative transparent electrodes. We also discovered that interfaces play a crucial role even during the encapsulation process, as thermomechanical stresses drive the degradation of solar cells, making interfacial strengths critically important. Our recent work has also branched into space applications, where interfacial challenges become even more pronounced due to extreme conditions such as thermal shocks and prolonged exposure to harsh environments. Despite the remarkable progress in perovskite–silicon tandem solar cells, their performance under other extreme space conditions has yet to be fully demonstrated. Towards understanding this, our initial investigations focus on high-efficiency single-junction FAPbI₃-based solar cells, specifically examining the role of interfaces in their thermo-mechanical resilience under the realistic temperature fluctuations experienced in low Earth orbit. In this talk, I will present our systematic strategies to enhance the performance of perovskite–silicon tandem solar cells, as well as our approach to translating these technologies to space applications, with illustrative examples based on single-junction devices.
Erkan Aydin acknowledges financial support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon Europe Research and Innovation Program (INPERSPACE, Grant Agreement No. 101077006) and KAUST for the use of the Core Labs facilities and funding.
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