Publication date: 16th July 2025
Layered hybrid perovskites have emerged as a promising class of semiconducting materials due to their excellent optoelectronic properties and higher stability compared to their 3D counterparts. Their layered structure, however, leads to new challenges including anisotropic crystal growth and conductivity. Additionally, stability concerns remain present. These limitations constitute a barrier towards their application in solar cells and electronic devices. As a response, we present a novel layered hybrid perovskite, which shows isotropic crystal and film growth and improved stability against water. This perovskite is based on a novel tetra-valent organic spacer, which promotes the anisotropic growth and allows the formation of a gel precursor. Additionally, the four-fold coordination in combination with the Dion-Jacobsen-type arrangement leads to increased stability against water, to the extent that water acts as an antisolvent and leads to crystallization of the gel precursor. The approach to the design of spacers for layered hybrid perovskites presented will enable the design of more functional and active spacers with advantageous crystal and film growth properties.
The authors are grateful for funding by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) via the SPP2196 (Perovskite semiconductors: From fundamental properties todevices).
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