Publication date: 16th July 2025
X-rays, with their high penetration and non-destructive detection capabilities, have brought great convenience to daily life. The demand for affordable and robust detectors for ionizing radiation in medical imaging, non-destructive diagnostic and security control are growing. In recent years, halide-based scintillators have gained significant attention for indirect X-ray sensing and imaging applications due to their superior ability to convert high-energy X-rays into visible light. Among them, lead-based perovskite CsPbBr₃ is one of the most used and promising material. However, its toxicity due to the presence of lead, self-absorption and the requirement for thick films to achieve strong radioluminescence (RL) limit its practicality. Recently, copper-based halides such as CsCu₂I₃ and Cs₃Cu₂I₅ have emerged as promising alternatives. These materials exhibit excellent luminescence properties through electron ionization and fast exciton recombination under X-ray irradiation. Their photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) reach 15.7% and 97.76%, respectively. Additionally, their broad Stokes shifts effectively prevent self-absorption. By employing thermal evaporation techniques, we fabricate high-quality thin films of these copper-based materials. Compared to CsPbBr₃, these films achieve higher spatial resolution and superior RL performance with the same film thickness, making them highly suitable for advanced X-ray imaging applications.
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